Anthropic published a guest research essay on November 6, 2026, in which AI for Science grantees Jakob Macke, Daniel Gedon and Stefan Wahl argue that LLM agents should return weighted distributions of plausible scientific models instead of a single best-fitting model. The authors are researchers at the ELLIS Institute Tübingen and the University of Tübingen. Their central distinction is between reproducing observations and understanding a system. Many parameter settings can produce equivalent…